Many kinds of CNC machine tools, ranging from tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands, as many millions or even tens of millions, annual maintenance cost is not a small number. Types of CNC machine tools because of its function, structure and systems are different, each with different characteristics. Maintenance of its content and rules have their own characteristics, should be based on their specific machine type, model, and actual usage, and with reference to the machine instructions required to develop and establish the necessary periodic, grading and maintenance system. Here are some common, generic routine maintenance points.
1, strict compliance with the operating manual and routine maintenance of the system
CNC machine operators to strictly abide by the rules and routine maintenance of the system, the operator's technical merits of professional quality failures that affect the frequency of important factors. When the machine fails, the operator should pay attention to keep the scene, to the maintenance staff misrepresented the situation before and after a failure, in order to facilitate analysis, diagnosis of the cause of the failure, and remove.
2, to prevent dust and dirt from entering the NC device internal
In the machine shop in the air will generally have oil mist, dust, or even metal powder, once they fall within the CNC system circuit boards or electronic devices, easily lead to decreased insulation resistance between components and even cause damage to the components and circuit boards . Some users in the summer in order to make long-term work overload CNC system can take CNC cabinet doors open to dissipate heat.
CNC cabinet should check each of the cooling fan is working properly. Half-yearly or quarterly check again whether duct clogging the filter, if the filter net accumulation of excessive dust, not cleared up, it will cause CNC cabinet temperature.
80 years ago the production of CNC machine tools, mostly with a photoelectric paper tape reader, if read with some contamination will result in an error message reads. For this reason, must be required to perform maintenance on the optical reader.
Excessive wear of the brush DC motor, the motor will affect the performance or even cause damage to the motor. To this end, coping motor brushes checked and replaced regularly. CNC lathes, CNC milling machines, machining centers, etc., should be checked annually.
General CNC system for CMOS RAM memory device has a rechargeable battery protection circuit to ensure that the system is not energized during retains its memory contents. Under normal circumstances, even if not yet expired, it should be replaced once a year to ensure that the system is working properly. Battery replacement should be performed under CNC system power state, to prevent loss of information when replacing the RAM.
The printed circuit board spare unused for long periods should periodically loaded into the NC system power to run for some time, to prevent damage.
Periodic adjustment spindle drive belt tightness, and prevent belt slippage caused by the lost transfer phenomena; checking spindle lubrication tank thermostat, regulating the temperature range, to replenish the oil and clean the filter; spindle and tool clamping device after prolonged use , will produce gaps affect the tool clamping, the need for timely adjustment of the hydraulic cylinder piston displacement.
Periodic inspection, adjustment screw thread pair axial clearance to ensure the accuracy and axial stiffness reverse gear; screw and bed regularly check whether the connection is loose; screw protective equipment damage must be promptly replaced, to prevent dust or chips into.
Is strictly prohibited overweight, long loading tool magazine, in order to avoid mechanical hand tool change out a knife or tool and workpiece, fixture collision; always check the magazine back to zero position is correct, check the back spindle tool change position if place, and timely adjustments; boot, should make an empty magazine and robotic operation, check each part is working properly, especially the limit switch and solenoid valves can operate normally.
Periodically the lubrication, hydraulic, pneumatic systems or sub-mesh filter for cleaning or replacement; regular hydraulic system oil laboratory tests, add and replace the hydraulic oil; periodic pressure system manifold air cleaner water.
And the level of machine periodically check and correct mechanical precision. Mechanical precision calibration method has hard and soft. Its soft approach largely compensated by the system parameters, such as screw backlash compensation, compensation for each coordinate point positioning accuracy, the machine reference point position correction; hard methods generally when the machine overhaul, such as for rail repair scratch, ball preload adjusting screw nut backlash and so on.
CNC equipment is a high degree of automation, the structure is more complex and advanced processing equipment, CNC equipment to give full play to the efficiency, it is necessary for proper operation and careful maintenance to ensure the normal operation and high utilization. Its mechanical, electrical, hydraulic in one, so CNC equipment for repair and maintenance personnel are higher, in addition to routine maintenance mentioned in this article, but should be based on the specific details of CNC equipment instruction manual for specific specialized maintenance and repair.
